Bookkeeping Responsibility in Accounting – This Is Where the Secret BeginsPurposes of Bookkeeping

    Bookkeeping refers to recording the monetary transactions that occur within a business into commercial books in an organized manner.

The largest source that finances government expenditures is taxes. And tax means money.

Therefore, the income tax paid by all individuals and legal entities who earn income is of great importance to the state.

If we examine bookkeeping from the perspective of the person who keeps the books, the business owner who keeps commercial books in accordance with the law and based on commercial documents can learn the following by looking at the records:

• The profit–loss status of the business

• The cost of the goods to be sold, and therefore the selling price

• The amounts of receivables and payables between the business and other parties

• The amount of tax payable to the state

• In case of disputes, they can present these books and documents as evidence to the relevant authorities

“Who Is Required to Keep Books?”

I know you’re asking this—so let’s break it down…

1. Tradespeople and artisans:Those who earn commercial income.Examples: A bakery owner, an e-commerce entrepreneur, etc.

2. Economic public institutions:Organizations owned by the state but operating for commercial purposes.In other words:💼 Established by the state📦 Produces goods/services💰 Generates revenue💡 Purpose: Provide public service + contribute to the economy

3. Economic enterprises of associations and foundations:Associations or foundations aim to serve society, but they need financial resources to do so.If they engage in commercial activities to generate these resources, this is called an economic enterprise.

4. Self-employed professionals:Individuals who work based on their own knowledge, skills, and expertise, carrying personal responsibility.They do not work for a salary and do not buy and sell products.They provide services, and most importantly, they earn income directly through their own labor.Examples: Doctors, lawyers, architects, etc.

5. Farmers:In the tax system, farmers’ income is usually classified as agricultural income.There are two types of farming activities:

1. Farmers taxed under the real system:

   • If their income exceeds a certain threshold, they keep books, file tax returns, and pay taxes.

2. Those taxed under the simple system or exempt from tax:

   • Small-scale farmers, usually living in rural areas.

   • Some may fall under exemption categories.